Samen slapen met een baby

Geschreven door: Anouk Van Nuffel (The Nurturing Kind)
Gepubliceerd op: 9 juli 2024

Let op:

In dit artikel over samen slapen bespreken we, naast alle voordelen en richtlijnen, ook de risico’s van samen slapen met de baby, zoals het risico op wiegendood. Het lezen over dit onderwerp kan door het expliciete taalgebruik als heftig worden ervaren, zeker als je zwanger bent of net een kindje hebt gekregen. Het kan goed zijn om na het lezen van het artikel even naar buiten te gaan en het allemaal even te laten bezinken.

Over samen slapen met een baby krijg je in Nederland weinig informatie. Samen slapen met een baby in hetzelfde bed tijdens de eerste 4 á 6 maanden, wordt vooraf afgeraden om wiegendood te voorkomen. Is dat een goede strategie?

In dit artikel gaan we in op de risico’s en voordelen van samen slapen. Ook belichten we het huidige beleid en de onderbouwing hiervan. In Nederland wordt samen slapen met een baby afgeraden voor de leeftijd van 4 maanden (6 maanden als de ouder rookt). In België wordt het niet aangeraden, en staat er geen leeftijdsgrens op. Toch blijkt dit in de praktijk voor sommige ouders niet haalbaar te zijn. En het niet-delen van informatie over hoe samen slapen wél veilig kan, kan leiden tot gevaarlijke situaties, zoals bijvoorbeeld samen in slaap vallen in de stoel.

Welke opties zijn er rondom samen slapen? Waarom hebben niet alle Europese landen dezelfde richtlijn? Hoe kan een ouder een geïnformeerde keuze maken? Deze en andere vragen komen aan bod in dit artikel.

Anouk startte haar carrière als wetenschappelijk onderzoeker in de medische wetenschappen en werkte daarna jaren lang in de farmaceutische sector. Toen ze in 2018 voor het eerst moeder werd, schoolde ze zich om tot baby-led slaap en welzijn expert, lactatiekundige en postpartum doula. Ze wordt momenteel opgeleid als NDC practitioner aan het Neurodevelopmental Care Institute. Anouk informeert zowel ouders als zorgverleners over biologische normale baby- en peuterslaap. Ze schreef in 2024 het boek ‘Zachte nachten’ samen met Hanne Wils en Uitgeverij Lannoo.

Alm, B., Wennergren, G., Norvenius, S., Skjærven, R., Lagercrantz, H., Helweg‐Larsen, K., & Irgens, L. M. (2002). Breast feeding and the sudden infant death syndrome in Scandinavia, 1992-95. Archives Of Disease in Childhood, 86(6), 400–402. https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.86.6.400
American Academy of Pediatrics Task Force on Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. (2005). The Changing Concept of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: Diagnostic Coding Shifts, Controversies Regarding the Sleeping Environment, and New Variables to Consider in Reducing Risk. Pediatrics, 116(5), 1245–1255. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2005-1499
Ammari, A., Schulze, K., Ohira-Kist, K., Kashyap, S., Fifer, W. P., Myers, M., & Sahni, R. (2009). Effects of body position on thermal, cardiorespiratory and metabolic activity in low birth weight infants. Early Human Development, 85(8), 497–501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2009.04.005
Arnestad, M., Andersen, M., Vege, Å., & Rognum, T. O. (2001). Changes in the epidemiological pattern of sudden infant death syndrome in southeast Norway, 1984–1998: implications for future prevention and research. Archives Of Disease in Childhood, 85(2), 108–115. https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.85.2.108
Baddock, S., Galland, B., Taylor, B. J., & Bolton, D. (2007). Sleep Arrangements and Behavior of Bed-Sharing Families in the Home Setting. Pediatrics, 119(1), e200–e207. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2006-0744
Baddock, S., Purnell, M. T., Blair, P. S., Pease, A., Elder, D., & Galland, B. (2019). The influence of bed-sharing on infant physiology, breastfeeding and behaviour: A systematic review. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 43, 106–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2018.10.007
Ball H. (2006). Parent-infant bed-sharing behavior : Effects of feeding type and presence of father. Human nature (Hawthorne, N.Y.), 17(3), 301–318. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12110-006-1011-1
Ball, H. L. (2009). Airway covering during bed‐sharing. Child Care Health And Development/Child, Care, Health And Development, 35(5), 728–737. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2214.2009.00979.x
Ball, H. L. (2017). The Atlantic Divide: Contrasting U.K. and U.S. Recommendations on Cosleeping and Bed-Sharing. Journal Of Human Lactation, 33(4), 765–769. https://doi.org/10.1177/0890334417713943
Ball, H. L., Howel, D., Bryant, A., Best, E., Russell, C. K., & Platt, M. W. (2016). Bed‐sharing by breastfeeding mothers: who bed‐shares and what is the relationship with breastfeeding duration? Acta Pædiatrica, 105(6), 628–634. https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.13354
Bartick, M., & Smith, L. J. (2014). Speaking Out on Safe Sleep: Evidence-Based Infant Sleep Recommendations. Breastfeeding Medicine, 9(9), 417–422. https://doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2014.0113
Bartick, M., Young, M., Louis‐Jacques, A., McKenna, J. J., & Ball, H. L. (2022). Bedsharing may partially explain the reduced risk of sleep-related death in breastfed infants. Frontiers in Pediatrics, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2022.1081028
Blair, P. S., Ball, H. L., McKenna, J. J., Feldman-Winter, L., Marinelli, K. A., & Bartick, M. (2020). Bedsharing and Breastfeeding: The Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine Protocol #6, Revision 2019. Breastfeeding Medicine, 15(1), 5–16. https://doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2019.29144.psb
Blair, P. S., Fleming, P., Smith, I., Platt, M. W., Young, J., Nadin, P. S., Berry, P. J., & Golding, J. (1999). Babies sleeping with parents: case-control study of factors influencing the risk of the sudden infant death syndrome Commentary: Cot death---the story so far. BMJ. British Medical Journal, 319(7223), 1457–1462. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.319.7223.1457
Blair, P. S., Mitchell, E. A., Heckstall-Smith, E. M. A., & Fleming, P. (2008). Head covering - a major modifiable risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome: a systematic review. Archives Of Disease in Childhood, 93(9), 778–783. https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2007.136366
Blair, P. S., Platt, M. W., Smith, I., & Fleming, P. (2005). Sudden infant death syndrome and sleeping position in pre-term and low birth weight infants: an opportunity for targeted intervention. Archives Of Disease in Childhood, 91(2), 101–106. https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2004.070391
Blair, P. S., Sidebotham, P., Pease, A., & Fleming, P. (2014). Bed-Sharing in the Absence of Hazardous Circumstances: Is There a Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome? An Analysis from Two Case-Control Studies Conducted in the UK. PloS One, 9(9), e107799. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0107799
Bovbjerg, M. L., Hill, J. A., Uphoff, A. E., & Rosenberg, K. D. (2018). Women Who Bedshare More Frequently at 14 Weeks Postpartum Subsequently Report Longer Durations of Breastfeeding. Journal Of Midwifery & Women’s Health, 63(4), 418–424. https://doi.org/10.1111/jmwh.12753
Bubnaitienė, V., Kalèdiené, R., & Kėvalas, R. (2005). Case-control study of sudden infant death syndrome in Lithuania, 1997–2000. BMC Pediatrics, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2431-5-41
Burd, L., & Wilson, H. (2004). Fetal, infant, and child mortality in a context of alcohol use. American Journal Of Medical Genetics. Part C, Seminars in Medical Genetics, 127C(1), 51–58. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.c.30016
Carpenter, R. G., Irgens, L., Blair, P. S., England, P., Fleming, P., Huber, J., Jorch, G., & Schreuder, P. (2004). Sudden unexplained infant death in 20 regions in Europe: case control study. Lancet, 363(9404), 185–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(03)15323-8
Carpenter, R. G., McGarvey, C., Mitchell, E. A., Tappin, D., Vennemann, M., Smuk, M., & Carpenter, J. (2013). Bed sharing when parents do not smoke: is there a risk of SIDS? An individual level analysis of five major case–control studies. BMJ Open, 3(5), e002299. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2012-002299
Colson, E. R., Willinger, M., Rybin, D., Heeren, T., Smith, L. A., Lister, G., & Corwin, M. J. (2013). Trends and Factors Associated With Infant Bed Sharing, 1993-2010. JAMA Pediatrics, 167(11), 1032. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.2560
Colvin, J. D., Collie‐Akers, V., Schunn, C., & Moon, R. Y. (2014). Sleep Environment Risks for Younger and Older Infants. Pediatrics, 134(2), e406–e412. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2014-0401
De Jonge, G. A., L’Hoir, M. P., Ruys, J. H., & Semmekrot, B. A. (2002). Wiegendood, ervaringen en inzichten. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd., 147:51. https://www.ntvg.nl/artikelen/wiegendood
De Ronne, N., & Tierens, C. (2008). Wetenschappelijk Dossier Veilig Slapen 2008. In Kind en Gezin. Kind en Gezin. Geraadpleegd op 3 mei 2024, van https://www.kindengezin.be/nl/thema/slapen/veilig-slapen
Didierjean-Jouveau, C. (2013). Partager le sommeil de son enfant. Éditions Jouvence.
Ebell, M. H., Siwek, J., Weiss, B. D., Woolf, S., Susman, J., Ewigman, B., & Bowman, M. A. (2004). Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT): A Patient-Centered Approach to Grading Evidence in the Medical Literature. Journal Of The American Board Of Family Medicine, 17(1), 59–67. https://doi.org/10.3122/jabfm.17.1.59
Filiano, J. J., & Kinney, H. C. (1994). A Perspective on Neuropathologic Findings in Victims of the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: The Triple-Risk Model. Neonatology, 65(3–4), 194–197. https://doi.org/10.1159/000244052
Fleming, P., & Blair, P. S. (2005). How reliable are SIDS rates? The importance of a standardised, multiprofessional approach to “diagnosis”. Archives Of Disease in Childhood, 90(10), 993–994. https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2005.073122
Fleming, P., Blair, P. S., Bacon, C., Bensley, D., Smith, I., Taylor, E., Berry, J., Golding, J., & Tripp, J. H. (1996). Environment of infants during sleep and risk of the sudden infant death syndrome: results of 1993-5 case-control study for confidential inquiry into stillbirths and deaths in infancy. BMJ. British Medical Journal, 313(7051), 191–195. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.313.7051.191
Fleming, P., Blair, P. S., & McKenna, J. J. (2006). New knowledge, new insights, and new recommendations. Archives Of Disease in Childhood, 91(10), 799–801. https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2005.092304
Franco, P., Scaillet, S., Valente, F., Chabanski, S., Groswasser, J., & Kahn, A. (2001). Ambient Temperature is Associated with Changes in Infants’ Arousability from Sleep. Sleep, 24(3), 325–329. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/24.3.325
Franco, P., Szliwowski, H., Dramaix, M., & Kahn, A. (1999). Decreased Autonomic Responses to Obstructive Sleep Events in Future Victims of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. Pediatric Research, 46(1), 33–39. https://doi.org/10.1203/00006450-199907000-00006
Fu, L. Y., Moon, R. Y., & Hauck, F. R. (2010). Bed Sharing Among Black Infants and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: Interactions With Other Known Risk Factors. Academic Pediatrics, 10(6), 376–382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2010.09.001
Gaertner, V. D., Malfertheiner, S. F., Postpischil, J., Brandstetter, S., Seelbach-Göbel, B., Apfelbacher, C., Melter, M., Kabesch, M., Ambrosch, A., Arndt, P., Baessler, A., Berneburg, M., Blüml, S., Brunner, R., Buchalla, W., Malfertheiner, S. F., Franke, A., Häusler, S., Heid, I. M., . . . Kerzel, S. (2023). Implementation of safe infant sleep recommendations during night-time sleep in the first year of life in a German birth cohort. Scientific Reports, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-28008-1
Hauck, F. R., Herman, S. M., Donovan, M., Iyasu, S., Moore, C. M., Donoghue, E. R., Kirschner, R., & Willinger, M. (2003). Sleep Environment and the Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome in an Urban Population: The Chicago Infant Mortality Study. Pediatrics, 111(Supplement_1), 1207–1214. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.111.s1.1207
Horne, R. S. C., Ferens, D. M., Watts, A., Vitkovic, J., Lacey, B., Andrew, S., Cranage, S. M., Chau, B., Greaves, R., & Adamson, T. M. (2002). Effects of maternal tobacco smoking, sleeping position, and sleep state on arousal in healthy term infants. Archives Of Disease in Childhood. Fetal And Neonatal Edition, 87(2), 100F – 105. https://doi.org/10.1136/fn.87.2.f100
Horne, R. S. C., Parslow, P. M., Ferens, D. M., Watts, A., & Adamson, T. M. (2004). Comparison of evoked arousability in breast and formula fed infants. PubMed, 89(1), 22–25. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14709496
Huang, Y., Hauck, F. R., Signore, C., Yu, A., Raju, T. N., Huang, T. T., & Fein, S. B. (2013). Influence of Bedsharing Activity on Breastfeeding Duration Among US Mothers. JAMA Pediatrics, 167(11), 1038. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.2632
International, L. L. L., Wiessinger, D., West, D., Smith, L. J., & Pitman, T. (2014). Sweet sleep: Nighttime and Naptime Strategies for the Breastfeeding Family. Ballantine Books.
Kandall, S. R., Gaines, J., Habel, L., Davidson, G., & Jessop, D. J. (1993). Relationship of maternal substance abuse to subsequent sudden infant death syndrome in offspring. The Journal Of Pediatrics/The Journal Of Pediatrics, 123(1), 120–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3476(05)81554-9 Kanits, F. (2023). Sleep safe : Evidence-based prevention of sudden unexpected death in Infancy in the Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.18174/632835
Kato, I., Franco, P., Groswasser, J., Scaillet, S., Kelmanson, I. A., Togari, H., & Kahn, A. (2003). Incomplete Arousal Processes in Infants Who Were Victims of Sudden Death. American Journal Of Respiratory And Critical Care Medicine, 168(11), 1298–1303. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200301-134oc
Kemp, J. S., Nelson, V. E., & Thach, B. T. (1994). Physical Properties of Bedding That May Increase Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome in Prone-Sleeping Infants. Pediatric Research, 36, 7–11. https://doi.org/10.1203/00006450-199407001-00002
Kind & Gezin. (n.d.). Veilig kinderbed en bedmateriaal kiezen. Retrieved August 7, 2024, from https://www.kindengezin.be/nl/thema/slapen/veilig-slapen/veilig-kinderbed-en-bedmateriaal-kiezen

Kind & Gezin. (n.d.-a). Hou toezicht bij het slapen. Retrieved August 7, 2024, from https://www.kindengezin.be/nl/thema/slapen/veilig-slapen/hou-toezicht-bij-het-slapen
Krous, H. F., Beckwith, J. B., Byard, R. W., Rognum, T. O., Bajanowski, T., Corey, T. S., Cutz, E., Hanzlick, R., Keens, T. G., & Mitchell, E. A. (2004). Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Unclassified Sudden Infant Deaths: A Definitional and Diagnostic Approach. Pediatrics, 114(1), 234–238. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.114.1.234
La Leche League International, Wiessinger, D., West, D., Smith, L. J., & Pitman, T. (2014). Sweet sleep: Nighttime and Naptime Strategies for the Breastfeeding Family. Ballantine Books.
La Leche League International. (n.d.). Safe sleep for breastfeeding babies. Retrieved August 7, 2024, from https://llli.org/breastfeeding-info/sleep-bedshare/
Li, D. (2003). Infant Sleeping Position and the Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome in California, 1997-2000. American Journal Of Epidemiology, 157(5), 446–455. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwf226
Maaike Beltman, M., Bodewes, A., Boere-Boonekamp, M., Engelberts, A., L’Hoir, M., Ter Horst, H., Korteweg, F., Labots-Vogelesang, M., Laghmani, N., Liem, D., Van Lonkhuijsen, M., Mulder, K., Semmekrot, S., Van Sleuwen, B., Spreeuwenberg, C., Streng, M., Van Vlimmeren, L., & Zijlstra, M. (2017). LSA Preventie van wiegendood. In Nederlands Centrum Jeugdgezondheidszorg. Nederlands Centrum Jeugdgezondheidszorg. Geraadpleegd op 3 mei 2024, van https://www.jgzrichtlijnen.nl/alle-richtlijnen/richtlijn/?richtlijn=11&rlpag=2237
Marinelli, K. A., Ball, H. L., McKenna, J. J., & Blair, P. S. (2019). An Integrated Analysis of Maternal-Infant Sleep, Breastfeeding, and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Research Supporting a Balanced Discourse. Journal Of Human Lactation, 35(3), 510–520. https://doi.org/10.1177/0890334419851797
McGarvey, C., McDonnell, M., Chong, A., O’Regan, M., & Matthews, T. R. (2003). Factors relating to the infant’s last sleep environment in sudden infant death syndrome in the Republic of Ireland. Archives Of Disease in Childhood, 88(12), 1058–1064. https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.88.12.1058
McGarvey, C., McDonnell, M., Hamilton, K., O’Regan, M., & Matthews, T. (2006). An 8 year study of risk factors for SIDS: bed-sharing versus non-bed-sharing. Archives Of Disease in Childhood, 91(4), 318–323. https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2005.074674
McKenna, J., & McDade, T. (2005). Why babies should never sleep alone: a review of the co-sleeping controversy in relation to SIDS, bedsharing and breast feeding. Paediatr Respir Rev ., 6(2), 134–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prrv.2005.03.006
McKenna, J. J. (2020). Safe infant sleep: Expert Answers to Your Cosleeping Questions. Platypus Media.
Menéndez, M. (2022). Wrong Assignment of Strength of Recommendations in AAP Policy Statement. Pediatrics, 150(5). https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2022-059507a
Middlemiss, W., Granger, D. A., Goldberg, W. A., & Nathans, L. (2012). Asynchrony of mother–infant hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis activity following extinction of infant crying responses induced during the transition to sleep. Early Human Development, 88(4), 227–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2011.08.010
Mileva‐Seitz, V. R., Bakermans‐Kranenburg, M. J., Battaini, C., & Luijk, M. P. (2017). Parent-child bed-sharing: The good, the bad, and the burden of evidence. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 32, 4–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2016.03.003
Mitchell, E. A. (2010). Bed Sharing and the Risk of Sudden Infant Death: Parents Need Clear Information. Current Pediatric Reviews, 6(1), 63–66. https://doi.org/10.2174/157339610791317133
Mitchell, E. A., Hutchison, L., & Stewart, A. (2007). The continuing decline in SIDS mortality. Archives Of Disease in Childhood, 92(7), 625–626. https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2007.116194
Mitchell, E. A., & Thompson, J. M. D. (1995). Co-sleeping increases the risk of SIDS, but sleeping in the parents’ bedroom lowers it. In: Rognum TO, ed. Sudden infant death syndrome: new trends in the nineties. Oslo, Norway: Scandinavian University Press, 266–269.
Mitchell, E. A., Thompson, J. M. D., Zuccollo, J., MacFarlane, M., Taylor, B., Elder, D., Stewart, A., Percival, T., Baker, N., McDonald, G., Lawton, B., Schlaud, M., & Fleming, P. (2017). The combination of bed sharing and maternal smoking leads to a greatly increased risk of sudden unexpected death in infancy: the New Zealand SUDI Nationwide Case Control Study. PubMed, 130(1456), 52–64. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28571049
Moberg, K. U. (2003). The oxytocin factor: tapping the hormone of calm, love, and healing. https://openlibrary.org/books/OL3676350M/The_oxytocin_factor
Moon, R. Y. (2011). SIDS and Other Sleep-Related Infant Deaths: Expansion of Recommendations for a Safe Infant Sleeping Environment. Pediatrics, 128(5), 1030–1039. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-2284
Moon, R. Y. (2016). SIDS and Other Sleep-Related Infant Deaths: Evidence Base for 2016 Updated Recommendations for a Safe Infant Sleeping Environment. Pediatrics, 138(5). https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-2940
Moon, R. Y., Carlin, R. F., & Hand, I. (2022). Evidence Base for 2022 Updated Recommendations for a Safe Infant Sleeping Environment to Reduce the Risk of Sleep-Related Infant Deaths. Pediatrics, 150(1). https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2022-057991
Moon, R. Y., Horne, R. S. C., & Hauck, F. R. (2007). Sudden infant death syndrome. Lancet, 370(9598), 1578–1587. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61662-6
Moon, R. Y., Mathews, A., Joyner, B. L., Oden, R. P., He, J., & McCarter, R. (2016). Health Messaging and African–American Infant Sleep Location: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal Of Community Health, 42(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-016-0227-1
Mosko, S. S., Richard, C. A., & McKenna, J. J. (1997a). Maternal Sleep and Arousals During Bedsharing With Infants. Sleep, 20(2), 142–150. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/20.2.142
Mosko, S. S., Richard, C. A., & McKenna, J. J. (1997b). Infant Arousals During Mother-Infant Bed Sharing: Implications for Infant Sleep and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Research. Pediatrics, 100(5), 841–849. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.100.5.841
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. (2021a). NICE guidline Postnatal care [NG 194]: Evidence Reviews. In National Institute For Health And Care Excellence. Geraadpleegd op 6 mei 2024, van https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng194/evidence
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. (2021b). NICE guideline [NG194]: Postnatal Care. In National Institute For Health And Care Excellence. Geraadpleegd op 6 mei 2024, van https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng194
Nederlands Centrum Jeugdgezondheidszorg. (2017). Peiling Veilig Slapen, Landelijke resultaten. Geraadpleegd op 6 mei 2024, van https://www.ncj.nl/wp-content/uploads/media-import/docs/76428e98-4078-47ff-9704-9de1d440d58c.pdf
Norwegian SIDS and Stillbirth Society, Norwegian Resource Centre for Breastfeeding, & Norwegian Directorate of Health. (2017). Safe Sleep for Babies. In Norwegian SIDS And Stillbirth Society. Norwegian SIDS and Stillbirth Society. Geraadpleegd op 6 mei 2024, van https://lub.no/getfile.php/132204-1639060586/Materiell/Brosjyrer/Safe%20sleep%20for%20babies.pdf
Ostfeld, B., Perl, H. I., Esposito, L., Hempstead, K., Hinnen, R., Sandler, A., Pearson, P. G., & Hegyi, T. (2006). Sleep Environment, Positional, Lifestyle, and Demographic Characteristics Associated With Bed Sharing in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Cases: A Population-Based Study. Pediatrics, 118(5), 2051–2059. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2006-0176
Ostfeld, B., Schwartz-Soicher, O., Reichman, N. E., Teitler, J. O., & Hegyi, T. (2017). Prematurity and Sudden Unexpected Infant Deaths in the United States. Pediatrics, 140(1). https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-3334
Øyen, N., Markestad, T., Skaerven, R., Irgens, L. M., Helweg‐Larsen, K., Alm, B., Norvenius, G., & Wennergren, G. (1997). Combined Effects of Sleeping Position and Prenatal Risk Factors in Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: The Nordic Epidemiological SIDS Study. Pediatrics, 100(4), 613–621. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.100.4.613
Rechtman, L. R., Colvin, J. D., Blair, P. S., & Moon, R. Y. (2014). Sofas and Infant Mortality. Pediatrics, 134(5), e1293–e1300. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2014-1543
Ruys, J., De Jonge, G. A., Brand, R., Engelberts, A., & Semmekrot, B. (2007). Bed‐sharing in the first four months of life: a risk factor for sudden infant death. Acta Pædiatrica, 96(10), 1399–1403. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2007.00413.x
Ruys, J. H., Engelberts, A. C., & Van Velzen-Mol, H. W. M. (2009). JGZ-richtlijn Preventie Wiegendood.: Gebaseerd op de gelijknamige richtlijn, opgesteld door de Nederlandse Vereniging voor Kindergeneeskunde en Artsen Jeugdgezondheidszorg Nederland in 2007. In Nederlands Centrum Jeugdgezondheidszorg (RIVM-rapportnummer 295001004). Nederlands Centrum Jeugdgezondheidszorg. Geraadpleegd op 3 mei 2024, van https://rivm.openrepository.com/handle/10029/258885
Sánchez Ruiz-Cabello, F. J. & Grupo PrevInfad / PAPPS. (2016). Prevención del síndrome de muerte súbita en el lactante. In Grupo PrevInfad. Geraadpleegd op 6 mei 2024, van https://previnfad.aepap.org/monografia/muerte-subita-lactante
Santos, I. S., Mota, D. M., Matijasevich, A., Barros, A. J. D., & Barros, F. C. (2009). Bed-Sharing at 3 Months and Breast-Feeding at 1 Year in Southern Brazil. The Journal Of Pediatrics/The Journal Of Pediatrics, 155(4), 505–509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2009.04.037
Schechtman, V. L., Lee, M. Y., Wilson, A., & Harper, R. M. (1996). Dynamics of Respiratory Patterning in Normal Infants and Infants Who Subsequently Died of the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. Pediatric Research, 40(4), 571–577. https://doi.org/10.1203/00006450-199610000-00010
Scheers, N. J., Rutherford, G. W., & Kemp, J. S. (2003). Where Should Infants Sleep? A Comparison of Risk for Suffocation of Infants Sleeping in Cribs, Adult Beds, and Other Sleeping Locations. Pediatrics, 112(4), 883–889. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.112.4.883
Scragg, R., Mitchell, E. A., Taylor, B. J., Stewart, A., Ford, R. P. K., Thompson, J. M. D., Allen, E. S., & Becroft, D. M. O. (1993). Bed sharing, smoking, and alcohol in the sudden infant death syndrome. New Zealand Cot Death Study Group. BMJ. British Medical Journal, 307(6915), 1312–1318. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.307.6915.1312
Shapiro-Mendoza, C. K., Parks, S. E., Lambert, A., Camperlengo, L., Cottengim, C., & Olson, C. K. (2018). The Epidemiology of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Sudden Unexpected Infant Deaths: Diagnostic Shift and other Temporal Changes. In University of Adelaide Press eBooks (pp. 257–282). https://doi.org/10.20851/sids-13
Shapiro-Mendoza, C. K., Tomashek, K. M., Anderson, R. N., & Wingo, J. (2006). Recent National Trends in Sudden, Unexpected Infant Deaths: More Evidence Supporting a Change in Classification or Reporting. American Journal Of Epidemiology, 163(8), 762–769. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwj117
Smith, L. A., Geller, N. L., Kellams, A., Colson, E. R., Rybin, D., Heeren, T., & Corwin, M. J. (2016). Infant Sleep Location and Breastfeeding Practices in the United States, 2011–2014. Academic Pediatrics, 16(6), 540–549. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acap.2016.01.021
Stray-Pedersen, A., Arnestad, M., Vege, Å., Sveum, L., & Rognum, T. O. (2005). [Bed sharing and sudden infant death]. PubMed, 125(21), 2919–2921. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16276370 Szumilas, M. (2010). Explaining odds ratios. PubMed. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20842279
Tappin, D., Ecob, R., & Brooke, H. (2005). Bedsharing, Roomsharing, and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome in Scotland: A Case-control Study. The Journal Of Pediatrics/The Journal Of Pediatrics, 147(1), 32–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2005.01.035
Tency, I., Neels, H., Naulaers, G., Van de Velde, G., Vercoutere, A., D’haenens, F., De Catte, L., Raes, M., Cordyn, S., Van Thienen, K., Goossens, M., & Van Royen, P. (2024). Postpartumzorg in de eerste lijn: samenvatting van een multidisciplinaire richtlijn (deel 1). Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde. https://doi.org/10.47671/tvg.80.24.020
The Lullaby Trust. (2023). Statistics on SIDS. Geraadpleegd op 3 mei 2024, van https://www.lullabytrust.org.uk/professionals/statistics-on-sids/
The Lullaby Trust, Baby Sleep Information Source (Basis), & The UK Committee for UNICEF (UNICEF UK) Baby Friendly Initiative. (2024). Safer Sleep for Babies A Guide for Parents. Retrieved August 7, 2024, from https://www.lullabytrust.org.uk/professionals/publications/
Thompson, J. M. D., Tanabe, K. O., Moon, R. Y., Mitchell, E. A., McGarvey, C., Tappin, D., Blair, P. S., & Hauck, F. R. (2017). Duration of Breastfeeding and Risk of SIDS: An Individual Participant Data Meta-analysis. Pediatrics, 140(5). https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2017-1324
Vennemann, M., Findeisen, M., Butterfaß-Bahloul, T., Jorch, G., Brinkmann, B., Köpcke, W., Bajanowski, T., & Mitchell, E. (2005). Modifiable risk factors for SIDS in Germany: Results of GeSID. Acta Pædiatrica, 94(6), 655–660. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.2005.tb01960.x
Vennemann, M., Hense, H. W., Bajanowski, T., Blair, P. S., Complojer, C., Moon, R. Y., & Kiechl‐Kohlendorfer, U. (2012). Bed Sharing and the Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: Can We Resolve the Debate? The Journal Of Pediatrics/The Journal Of Pediatrics, 160(1), 44-48.e2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.06.052
Welles‐Nyström, B. (2005). Co‐sleeping as a window into Swedish culture: considerations of gender and health care. Scandinavian Journal Of Caring Sciences, 19(4), 354–360. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6712.2005.00358.x
Worthman, C. M., & Brown, R. (2007). Companionable sleep: Social regulation of sleep and cosleeping in Egyptian families. Journal Of Family Psychology, 21(1), 124–135. https://doi.org/10.1037/0893-3200.21.1.124
Zimmerman, D. R., Bartick, M., Feldman-Winter, L., Ball, H. L., Stehel, E. K., Noble, L., Bartick, M., Bettinelli, M. E., Feldman-Winter, L., Kair, L. R., Larson, I. A., LeFort, Y., Marshall, N., Mitchell, K. B., Okogbule-Wonodi, A. C., Rothenberg, S., Seo, T., Szugye, H., Weissman, G., . . . Zimmerman, D. R. (2023). ABM Clinical Protocol #37: Physiological Infant Care—Managing Nighttime Breastfeeding in Young Infants. Breastfeeding Medicine, 18(3), 159–168. https://doi.org/10.1089/bfm.2023.29236.abm